Optimal. Leaf size=88 \[ \frac{\left (b^2-4 a c\right ) \tanh ^{-1}\left (\frac{2 a+b x^3}{2 \sqrt{a} \sqrt{a+b x^3+c x^6}}\right )}{24 a^{3/2}}-\frac{\left (2 a+b x^3\right ) \sqrt{a+b x^3+c x^6}}{12 a x^6} \]
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Rubi [A] time = 0.0727628, antiderivative size = 88, normalized size of antiderivative = 1., number of steps used = 4, number of rules used = 4, integrand size = 20, \(\frac{\text{number of rules}}{\text{integrand size}}\) = 0.2, Rules used = {1357, 720, 724, 206} \[ \frac{\left (b^2-4 a c\right ) \tanh ^{-1}\left (\frac{2 a+b x^3}{2 \sqrt{a} \sqrt{a+b x^3+c x^6}}\right )}{24 a^{3/2}}-\frac{\left (2 a+b x^3\right ) \sqrt{a+b x^3+c x^6}}{12 a x^6} \]
Antiderivative was successfully verified.
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Rule 1357
Rule 720
Rule 724
Rule 206
Rubi steps
\begin{align*} \int \frac{\sqrt{a+b x^3+c x^6}}{x^7} \, dx &=\frac{1}{3} \operatorname{Subst}\left (\int \frac{\sqrt{a+b x+c x^2}}{x^3} \, dx,x,x^3\right )\\ &=-\frac{\left (2 a+b x^3\right ) \sqrt{a+b x^3+c x^6}}{12 a x^6}-\frac{\left (b^2-4 a c\right ) \operatorname{Subst}\left (\int \frac{1}{x \sqrt{a+b x+c x^2}} \, dx,x,x^3\right )}{24 a}\\ &=-\frac{\left (2 a+b x^3\right ) \sqrt{a+b x^3+c x^6}}{12 a x^6}+\frac{\left (b^2-4 a c\right ) \operatorname{Subst}\left (\int \frac{1}{4 a-x^2} \, dx,x,\frac{2 a+b x^3}{\sqrt{a+b x^3+c x^6}}\right )}{12 a}\\ &=-\frac{\left (2 a+b x^3\right ) \sqrt{a+b x^3+c x^6}}{12 a x^6}+\frac{\left (b^2-4 a c\right ) \tanh ^{-1}\left (\frac{2 a+b x^3}{2 \sqrt{a} \sqrt{a+b x^3+c x^6}}\right )}{24 a^{3/2}}\\ \end{align*}
Mathematica [A] time = 0.0448208, size = 89, normalized size = 1.01 \[ \frac{\left (b^2-4 a c\right ) \tanh ^{-1}\left (\frac{2 a+b x^3}{2 \sqrt{a} \sqrt{a+b x^3+c x^6}}\right )-\frac{2 \sqrt{a} \left (2 a+b x^3\right ) \sqrt{a+b x^3+c x^6}}{x^6}}{24 a^{3/2}} \]
Antiderivative was successfully verified.
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Maple [F] time = 0.024, size = 0, normalized size = 0. \begin{align*} \int{\frac{1}{{x}^{7}}\sqrt{c{x}^{6}+b{x}^{3}+a}}\, dx \end{align*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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Maxima [F(-2)] time = 0., size = 0, normalized size = 0. \begin{align*} \text{Exception raised: ValueError} \end{align*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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Fricas [A] time = 1.76622, size = 502, normalized size = 5.7 \begin{align*} \left [-\frac{{\left (b^{2} - 4 \, a c\right )} \sqrt{a} x^{6} \log \left (-\frac{{\left (b^{2} + 4 \, a c\right )} x^{6} + 8 \, a b x^{3} - 4 \, \sqrt{c x^{6} + b x^{3} + a}{\left (b x^{3} + 2 \, a\right )} \sqrt{a} + 8 \, a^{2}}{x^{6}}\right ) + 4 \, \sqrt{c x^{6} + b x^{3} + a}{\left (a b x^{3} + 2 \, a^{2}\right )}}{48 \, a^{2} x^{6}}, -\frac{{\left (b^{2} - 4 \, a c\right )} \sqrt{-a} x^{6} \arctan \left (\frac{\sqrt{c x^{6} + b x^{3} + a}{\left (b x^{3} + 2 \, a\right )} \sqrt{-a}}{2 \,{\left (a c x^{6} + a b x^{3} + a^{2}\right )}}\right ) + 2 \, \sqrt{c x^{6} + b x^{3} + a}{\left (a b x^{3} + 2 \, a^{2}\right )}}{24 \, a^{2} x^{6}}\right ] \end{align*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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Sympy [F] time = 0., size = 0, normalized size = 0. \begin{align*} \int \frac{\sqrt{a + b x^{3} + c x^{6}}}{x^{7}}\, dx \end{align*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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Giac [F] time = 0., size = 0, normalized size = 0. \begin{align*} \int \frac{\sqrt{c x^{6} + b x^{3} + a}}{x^{7}}\,{d x} \end{align*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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